| Abstract [eng] |
Permanent research in material science is of crucial importance to develop novel optical components with complex functionalities and novel optical characteristics. This thesis is focused on improving the properties of optical elements by changing the thin film’s internal structure. The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of forming thin films with controllable internal structures by using physical vapor deposition technologies, and to extend these methods to the manufacture of optical elements used in the manipulation of laser light. The main novelty of this dissertation from both sides, scientific and practical, is the demonstration of the new possibilities to control the internal structure of the deposited layer by: i) selecting the appropriate technology, ii) optimizing deposition parameters, and iii) choosing substrates of suitable profiles. Firstly, nanostructured all-silica anisotropic layers were investigated in detail, and their advantages in phase retardation plates and polarizer formation were demonstrated. Secondly, the possibility of forming 2D photonic crystals based on periodically pre-patterned substrates coated in a multilayer structure was established. Such methods allow for the creation of nanostructured optical elements as coatings, which can be applied to microlasers and to high-power complex systems. |
