| Abstract [eng] |
In 1922-1939 in the Vilnius region, at that time - in the Republic of Poland, there was a state system of protection of monuments: law, institution and officials. In this work, this system of monument protection is analyzed using theories of authorized heritage discourse and critical discourse analysis. The dissertation examines the Polish system of monument protection as the consolidation of authorized heritage discourse. Here, as elsewhere in Europe, this discourse was based on the materiality of heritage, innate value, the transmission of national and social values, and the supremacy of (male) experts. The paper discusses the sources of power: political / institutional, professional and based on nationality, religion, social stratum or gender, which allowed the dominance of this discourse in interwar Vilnius. The practice of protection of monuments in the Vilnius region is discussed through the process of listing of monuments, practices of protection of architecture, nature, urban scale monuments, archeology and movable objects. The idea of regionalism and the photography of Jan Bułhak are analyzed as a means of consolidating the authorized Polish heritage discourse. All this allows us to conclude that the state policy on the protection of monuments reflected and was focused not on the actual situation at the time, but on the aspiration - the vision of Vilnius (region) as a redout of Polishness. The Vilnius region was not as Polish as it was created visually and in writing. Today, such an aspiration and vision of the protection of monuments is perceived in historiography as an actual situation of the protection of monuments in interwar Vilnius. |
