| Abstract [eng] |
Social rights of young people and the possibilities for their development are a little researched topic in Lithuania, and there is no research related to social rights, their change or development possibilities. In Lithuania, youth-related issues are quite often on the political and media agenda, youth employment and poverty are addressed, and analysing student support and access to education is very important. The aim of this final work is to analyse the support provided to students by the state, the family and the market in different countries with different models of youth social rights. The objectives of the study are: to analyse the scientific literature and to clarify the concept of youth social rights; to analyse the legislation on the conditions of youth social rights; to examine the conditions of support for students in different countries based on three sources: the state, the family and the market. Object of the study: models of youth social rights and the support provided to students by the state, the family and the market. The following research methods were used to achieve the aim and objectives of the study: scientific literature and qualitative document analysis and meta-analysis, as well as micro-data analysis. The data were analysed using a thematic analysis based on the scientific literature and the methodology of Tom Chevalier (2018). The main themes that emerged from the document analysis were: family policy, student support and housing support. The final thesis also applied micro-data analysis to assess and identify how the support provided by the state, family or market is distributed across different countries, taking into account the different patterns of social rights of young people. The meta-analysis was carried out using Missoc, European e-Justice, Eurydice and European Commission databases. Data from the Eurostudent Wave VII 2019 survey were used for benchmarking and microdata analysis. The results of the study show that different models of youth social rights, mainly familialism, prevail in different European Union countries. The results showed that the highest proportion of respondents live with their parents in Luxembourg, Lithuania, Slovenia and Croatia, and the lowest in Finland, while it is also important to note that students from Croatia, Luxembourg and Lithuania receive the highest amount of financial support from their families, indicating that students studying in these countries are the ones most dependent on their families for financial support. Other results of the study show that in the EU countries analysed, students are most often in paid employment during their studies, with a particularly high number of students working in countries with a familiarised model of youth welfare rights, such as Estonia, Lithuania, Poland or Austria. It is worth noting that in familiarised countries where financial support from family is high, such as Croatia or Luxembourg, young people in these countries are the least likely to work in paid jobs during lectures. In terms of support from the state, the results reveal that in countries such as Hungary and Poland, students are forced to work to afford their studies because the support from the state is low and insufficient. In the Baltic countries, students work mainly to cover their living costs, students also face financial hardship, and working during the study period risks dropping out of higher education, and the quality of studies suffers when students work. In countries where state support for students is linked to the family, such as Slovenia, Poland, Lithuania, Estonia and Austria, young people studying in these countries receive the least support from the state. In contrast, the Netherlands and Finland have the highest levels of state support for students, relatively high levels of scholarships and reimbursement of living costs, and the lowest levels of financial hardship for students in these countries. |
