| Abstract [eng] |
Aim of the study: to determine the shifts in self-actualization, self-esteem and psychoemotional parameters of women with multiple sclerosis using drama therapy techniques. Sample: 32 women with multiple sclerosis. Methodology of the study: quantitative and qualitative research instruments in a mixed design: 1. Personality Self-Actualization and Self-Esteem Questionnaire (based on E. Shostrom‘s modified methodology). 2. Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). 3. The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI -20). 4. Thematic Induction Analysis Method. The SPSS 23.0 package and a reflective-qualitative content analysis of the data were used. Results of the study: at the beginning of the study, almost 1/10 of the respondents had low self-esteem, 1/3 had moderate self-esteem, more than 1/2 expressed anxiety, and 1/3 had depression. After the therapy, the proportion of women with high self-esteem increased by a fifth, the proportion of the women with anxiety and depression, and general fatigue, fell. Conclusions of the study: 1. The analysis of the scientific literature suggests that both conventional medicine and holistic approaches to rehabilitation programmes are needed, addressed at improving the physical, psychological and social condition of the individual. 2. The use of drama therapy in the treatment enhances self-esteem and self-actualization of the individual. 3. The results of the study showed that the application of drama therapy had an effect on self-actualization and self-esteem: after the therapy no subjects with low self-esteem and an almost twofold increase of the number with high self-actualization (p<0,05) were registered. 4. The reliable positive relationships (r=0.429, p<0.05) found in all dimensions of fatigue after drama therapy showed that a decrease in one dimension leads to a decrease in the occurrence of other conditions. Drama therapy had an effect on the overall fatigue of the participants. 5. In the sample group, the reliable relationships found between anxiety and depression after drama therapy (r = 0.416, p < 0.05), between anxiety/depression and educational attainment (r = 0.416, p < 0.05), and between duration of illness (r = - 0.357, p < 0.05), showed that the application of drama therapy techniques are effective for anxiety and depression in different periods of illness and in individuals of different social status. 6. The participants' reflections revealed that creation enhanced by drama therapy helps people with multiple sclerosis to concentrate, think positively, adapt more easily to changes in their situation, and become motivated for self-actualization and increased self-esteem. Keywords: multiple sclerosis, drama therapy, self-actualization, anxiety, depression, fatigue. |
