| Abstract [eng] |
The basics of the realisation of child’s rights, interdependence of preschool education and a child’s full-fledged development, positive upbringing as the characteristic of a teacher’s educational competence are analysed in the current thesis along with the educational significance related to the structure of the realisation of a child’s rights. Relevance of the research. Today, adolescents’ and young persons’ rights are mentioned very often, however childhood is forgotten or simply attributed to the status of social immaturity and therefore in this context the realisation of a child’s rights in order to recognize the child as a competent member of our society becomes of a particular relevance to pedagogues of preschool education for whom it is very important to constantly review the educational ideology, to form the latter according to such constructs that reflect the currently existing world outlook of the society. Problem of the research. Today, a concept of childhood and the analysis of the realisation of its rights in a preschool educational institution are necessary, which could help to answer these questions: how a child’s rights are realised in a preschool educational institution, whether a child is valued as a personality, whether a child has an opportunity to meet his/ her main needs for safety, activity and self-expression? Object of the research. Realisation of a child’s rights in a preschool educational institution. Aim of the research. To analyse the situation related to the realisation of a child’s rights in a preschool educational institution. In the theoretical chapter, a concept of a child and childhood are overviewed, a conception on this issue by the Lithuanian and foreign authors is analysed along with the theoretical analysis of the situation of preschool educational institutions with regard to a child’s rights. 197 pedagogues of preschool education and 30 children at preschool age attending kindergarten of Šiauliai city took part in the research. Instruments of the research: poll with the help of questionnaires, talk-interview. Theoretical and practical aspects with regard to the realisation of a child’s rights in a preschool educational institution are provided in the Conclusions, while emphasizing the main propositions about the realisation of a child’s rights by pedagogues as well as their results. The results obtained revealed that a child’s rights in preschool educational institutions are realised in an insufficient manner. Pedagogues lack democratic attitude towards a child, significance of the childhood period is estimated insufficiently and general rights (i.e. needs for safety, activity, self-expression) of a child are very often being ignored. Recommendations are provided in three levels, i.e. national level – to the Ministry of Science and Education; institutional level – to organisers of university study programmes, heads of preschool educational institutions; and personal level – to pedagogues. |
