| Abstract [eng] |
The problems of citizens’ income differentiation in Lithuania and the EU-countries are analyzed in this Master’s Thesis. The Thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The scientific literature, giving an opportunity to characterize the differentiation of citizens’ income, is surveyed in the theoretical part; the statistic data and the Internet sources are also presented in it. Citizens’ income and factors determining them are analyzed in this Thesis, the reasons determining the income differentiation are defined and the possibilities of income normalization are presented. In order to identify the factors determining a high differentiation of income, the disposable income of households of 2002-2006 were compared in the practical part of this Thesis. After the evaluation of income differentiation, the factors influencing the differences of income differentiation dynamics of separate regions were searched. The income differentiation in regions, the dependence on changes of general economical situation was surveyed. The problems of citizens’ income differentiation not only in Lithuania but also in the EU-countries were analyzed: too little average wages, inappropriate usage of income tax rate and high manifestation of poverty. Three hypotheses of scientific research formulated by the author of this Thesis were proved: the first one – the part of villagers’ personal income from social allowances is significantly higher in comparison with citizens’ income, however, it decreases annually; the second one – the increase of villagers’ disposable income leads to the decrease of unemployment in a village. The third hypothesis claims that in order to decrease the disjuncture between the wealthy and the destitute one has to raise the non-taxable minimum of income. The methods of improvement of citizens’ income differentiation, which would help to solve partially the raised problems of income differentiation increase, were presented. |
