| Abstract [eng] |
A theoretical analysis of the social integration of the disabled revealed that the image of social disability of disabled people depends on and is formed by the society’s mass ideology. It has been also noticed that scientific literature considers the social rehabilitation process of the disabled to be a constant, uninterrupted and complex process during which disabled people acquire and develop skills of independent life education. The social rehabilitation process of the disabled has to be integral, meanwhile medical rehabilitation and nongovernmental organization must promote teamwork while providing the disabled with necessary theoretical and practical knowledge which, in turn, forms the image of physical disability in society. A hypothesis was raised that the image of physical disability that specialists providing the disabled with social rehabilitation have affects the effectiveness of cooperation. The research conducted with a help of a questionnaire survey aimed at the following tasks: to examine the peculiarities of the formation of the image of people with spinal cord injuries in wheelchairs in the institutions of social rehabilitation; reveal the importance of different social rehabilitation specialists and the disabled to the formation of the image of physical disability and the effectiveness of cooperation; identify effective components of the interaction with the disabled. The data of the research are summarized by applying statistical methods, factorial and correlation (calculations of Pearson (r) ration) data analysis. The research included 240 respondents: 80 people with spinal cord injuries in wheelchairs, 80 medical rehabilitation specialists and 80 employees of nongovernmental organizations. The empirical part analyzes characteristics of the attitude of specialists performing social rehabilitation and of people with spinal cord injuries in wheelchairs towards physical disability and distinguishes the main peculiarities of the formation of the attitude towards the image of disability. The main conclusions of the empirical research are as follows: The level of working capacity of all the disabled people with spinal cord injuries in wheelchairs was between 0 and 25 per cent. Most of them were 18-35 years old with secondary and/ or further education, however, most of the surveyed had no job; According to the participants of the research, the main features of the attitude towards physical disability are as follows: of medical rehabilitation specialists – a lack of social skills’ development; of nongovernmental organizations – NGOs’ demographical situation, the (in)compliance of the activity with the needs of the disabled; of the disabled – disability which is considered to be a result of the outcome influences the participation in the society’s life and leads the disabled to the segregation. Moreover, the disabled lose motivation to realize themselves meaningfully while achieving a goal. The hypothesis that the image of physical disability that specialists providing the disabled with social rehabilitation have influences the effectiveness of cooperation has been proved, thus, the interaction model of the cooperation of specialists performing social rehabilitation of the disabled is important to changes of the image of physical disability. Keywords: disability, social integration of the disabled, image of social disability. |
