| Abstract [eng] |
Derivative synonyms of adjectives are derivatives formed from the same underlying word with different derivative formatives and having the same derivative meaning and identical or very similar lexical meaning. The main aim of this paper is to analize the use of derivative synonyms of adjectives. The Dictionary of Contemporary Lithuanian has been chosen as a source material for this analysis. 1556 derivatives of adjectives have been selected and 724 rows of derivative synonyms have been formed. Derivatives of suffixes comprise the largest group (in total 1251, i. e. 80.4 % of all derivative adjectives). There are 642 rows of derivative synonyms, i. e. 88.7 % of all rows of derivative synonyms, where two derivatives correlate synonymously. Synonymous correlation can be developed among 53 suffixes, 3 endings and 3 derivatives of prefixes. In total 99 combinations of affixes have been formed. The rows of derivative synonyms which include derivatives with predominant suffixes -inis, -ingas, -uotas, -ėtas, prefix apy- and ending -us have been more deeply analysed in this paper. The derivatives of suffixes -inis, -ingas, -uotas, -ėtas, prefix apy- and ending -us often comprise those rows that derivatively correlate with other, i. e. more rare, conjugate derivatives of the afixes of dialectal derivation and compose single rows of derivative synonyms. Diversity of combinations, richness of synonymous derivatives in the row, i.e. length of rows and subtlety of the use, is typical to the single rows. More detailed use of derivative synonyms of adjectives is based on the data of the Dictionary of Contemporary Lithuanian. From the analysed rows of derivative synonyms the major part is which members are recorded in the Textbook. However, one or more synonymous derivatives can be more frequent, more grounded than its synonym (or synonyms), therefore very often not all members of synonyms are recorded in the Textbook. Some derivative synonyms often differ in providing unequal so-called additional information, i.e. they have different power of expression, stimulate different feelings, images or associations. Alongside with predominant neutral formations, there are derivatives of colloquial language or having bookish nuance, expired and dialectal derivatives, as well as the words from the passive layer of lexis. There have been recorded 37 derivatives having stylistic references. Polysemous derivative with one meaning belong to one row of derivative synonyms, with the other meaning belong either to the other row of derivative synonyms, or it has no synonyms at all. |
