| Abstract [eng] |
In the present research teaching peculiarities of children for complicated karate movements are analyzed. The aim was to analyze the effectiveness of technology of experimental movement teaching that is closely connected wit physical training of children as well as to define and to evaluate efficiency of parameter teaching for the process of teaching complicated movements. The problems like how junior karatekas should be taught, what methods should be applied and how they should be varied in order to achieve better technique. Thus movement teaching methods were analyzed, experimental movement teaching program of the children learning karate shotokan was set and the research performed. The program consists of three educational stages (each consisting of 3 months). In the first stage the children had 39 training sessions (three times per week one training lasted 1,5 h), in the second – 47 training sessions (four times per week). On the first stage more time was devoted to the improvement of the children’s physical qualification (up to 66 % of the whole training session) meanwhile on the second as well as on the third stage after the children’s physical qualification has been improved, more time was devoted to the improvement of technique (50 % of time of all the training session). Each stage ended with the evaluation of the children’s physical qualification and movement technique. General physical qualification and special technical qualification of the children (8-11 years old) of Oriental Martial Arts Club Kregzdute (n=36) were researched. In order to test general physical qualification of the junior children 7 tests were performed, i.e. jump from the indicated place, 10x5 m jogging, speed test of the movement of a hand/leg, jumps over a jump-rope, hanging with bent hands, sitting-stretching and flaming. All the helped the karatekas to reveal significant components of physical training. The boys that took part in the program improved frequency of the movements that are performed by upper part of the body as well as general balance of the body. We consider that the changes were influenced by the movements that were performed during karate training sessions. It is necessary to use repetitive method when teaching. The children that are taught with solid movement teaching method more effectively acquire karate movements in comparison with the method of partial method. In the trainings frontal method should be applied more often than individual or group methods. The children whose physical qualification was higher imbibed complicated karate technique movements quicker. Program singleness of the junior influences physical and technical changes of qualification. On the first stage of the program when more attention was devoted to the improvement of physical rather than technical qualification, their indexes of physical qualification raised quicker. On the second stage when more attention was devoted to the improvement of movement technique and less attention – to the improvement of physical features, technical qualification was improving. When teaching according the second and the third model when more attention and time was devoted to teaching and improving of movement technique, and less attention and time – to improve physical features, technical qualification of the boys improved faster. Experts gave higher grades after parameter teaching for complicated movements that demand preciseness according new conditions when external conditions changed, but the structure of the movements remained the same. When learning complicated karate movements it is necessary to introduce parameter teaching as one of the main teaching methods. When hypodinamy, physical activity and physical qualification, health problems of juniors exist and become deeper capability to learn complicated movements when being able to memorize them for a long time, recall them and to apply according new conditions becomes effective. It provides possibilities for children to learn their favorite movements quite quickly. Parameter teaching is one of effective ways to improve children’s motivation, physical qualification, and their health, to encourage active physical activity. |
