| Abstract [eng] |
When the court finds a person guilty of making a criminal deed and passes the condemnation, the legal position of this person changes - a convicted person gains a special status of the convict. Legal position of a convicted person is comprehended as subjective rights, liberties and duties, which a convicted person has during the time devoted to fulfill his criminal penalty. On the basis of commonality level, these rights, liberties and duties are divided into common rights, liberties and duties, which are general to all convicted persons, and special ones, which depend on the sort of penalty, set by the court. All convicts have the right to medical and legal assistance, the right to apply to the State institutions and officers, the right to the information about prosecution of penalty, the right to participate in the ellections. Special rights are: the right to buy things to meet their basic needs, the right to short term trip out of the correctional institution, the right to arrange civil transactions, etc. All inmates must obey to inner rules of the corretional institution and perform other obligations, such as not to organize and not to participate in illegal arrangements, use alcoholic drinks and opiate materials and etc. During the time of criminal penalty, convicted people are fully State preservable. Due to their special needs, they are supplied with healthy and safe residential accommodation and furniture, food, clothes, bedding and other mandatorily things. Also, they have the right to material and monetary given from the fund of social support to the convicts. The regime of freedom deprivation, retraction into work, social rehabilitation, general and career education are the main correctional instruments which readapt the convicts to respect the law and the rights of other people, honestly work for their living and undo new crimes when they are back to society. An inmate during the time of his penalty is able to influence his legal position. Considering the behaviour of a person, his legal position can become better or be more stranded. |
