| Abstract [eng] |
Relevance of the problem: Despite improvements in the quality of healthcare, the morbidity associated with maxillofacial infections continues to be high. Given the lack of studies on these conditions among paediatric patients, greater attention should be directed toward investigating this age group. Aim of the work: To conduct a retrospective analysis of the medical records of paediatric patients, hospitalized at Vilnius University Hospital Zalgiris Clinic (VUHZC) during the period of 2003 – 2019 due to maxillofacial infections. Materials and methods: The medical records of paediatric patients hospitalized at VUHZC due to maxillofacial infections in 2003 – 2019 were reviewed. The cases were included in the analysis according to the ICD – 10 codes: K12.2, L02.0, L03.2, K11.2, L04.0, T79.3. The sociodemographic, hospitalization-related, and microbiological data were collected and analyzed. “IBM SPSS 27.0“ was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics, graphic representation were used as well as independent samples t-test and ANOVA analysis. Results: The most prevalent conditions were odontogenic maxillofacial infections (28.7%). Mean age of the patients was 10.86 ± 4.8 years, male to female ratio was 1.37:1. Mean length of hospitalization was 5.49 ± 2.9 days. Main factors associated with significantly longer hospital stay were diabetes mellitus, inflammation in two or more anatomical regions, presence of two or more causative microorganisms, dominance of anaerobic bacteria, antibacterial resistance of the causative pathogens, a permanent causative tooth and two and more causative teeth. The most common microorganisms were Streptococcus spp. The bacterial resistance to penicillin was 37.8%. Conclusion: The annual incidence of paediatric maxillofacial infections decreased during the research period. Streptococcus spp. were found to be the most common cause of odontogenic infections, while Staphylococcus spp. were dominant in non-odontogenic infections. Overall high bacterial resistance to penicillin and high resistance of anaerobic bacteria to metronidazole were identified. The factors associated with significantly longer hospital stay were identified. |
