| Abstract [eng] |
Premature ovarian insufficiency is the exhaustion or dysfunction of the ovarian follicles when menstruation ceases before the age of 40. In most cases, the aetiopathogenesis of the disease remains unresolved. However, it has been established that the syndrome may be caused by genetic abnormalities, metabolic and autoimmune disorders, iatrogenic procedures, infections or environmental factors. The prevalence of the syndrome is 3.7 % and is most common in the 35-40 age group, while excision of bilateral endometriomas leads to premature ovarian insufficiency in 2-3% of cases. Currently, there is no consensus on the criteria for the diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency which often results in a delayed diagnosis of the syndrome. In order to properly counsel and treat these patients, it is essential to make a timely diagnosis and to have a clear understanding of the other disorders that may result from estrogen deficiency. The standard of care for the syndrome is hormone replacement therapy. Its objectives are not only to relieve symptoms but also to maintain bone, cardiovascular and sexual health. Psychological counseling and treatment are also important, as women diagnosed with premature ovarian insufficiency, especially of iatrogenic origin, are characterised by depression, stress, low self-esteem, sexual function and overall satisfaction with quality of life. |
