| Abstract [eng] |
Objective. To analyze the latest scientific literature on the advancement of eye implant technologies, their benefits and drawbacks, and their clinical application. Methods. A relevant literature review was executed using databases such as “PubMed“, “Medscape“, “Medline“, “Science Direct“, “Web of Science“, and the reference search website “Google Scholar“. The articles chosen were published between 2018 and 2023. Results. The epiretinal implants improve patients‘ visual acuity, facilitate orientation, mobility, daily life and social integration tasks, but there is no way to prevent adverse events related to the procedure or the implant itself. Although subretinal implants preserve residual visual acuity and provide higher resolution, the implantation site is associated with an increased risk of retinal detachment. Suprachoroidal implants improve patients' ability to perform independent tasks, but this improvement is only seen during the rehabilitation period. According to scientific research, intraocular lenses improve patients' visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and reduce the need for glasses correction. The new generation monofocal lenses improve close distance vision acuity and, when combined with extended focus lenses, have a statistically significant improvement in intermediate distance correction. Extended focus lenses have lower near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity than multifocal lenses. According to studies, patients who have lost an eye rate the appearance, wearing comfort, and mobility of the artificial eye prosthesis positively, but they complain of increased lacrimation and secretions. Conclusion. There is no eye implant that can restore full−fledged visual function that is comparable to natural vision, although retinal implants restore visual function minimally, intraocular lenses enhance visual acuity, and artificial ocular prosthesis improve quality of life. Based on scientific progress, it is proposed that such a technological solution be implemented in the future, allowing eye implants to be applied to a larger group of patients while avoiding adverse events associated with implants. Key words. Retinal prosthesis, bionic eye, intraocular lenses, ocular prosthesis. |
