| Abstract [eng] |
Mechanical pulmonary ventilation is an essential life-saving intervention for a critically ill patient. Pulmonary ventilation is used in every hospital and since its discovery its importance has been always increasing. Nowadays, mechanical lung ventilation is used in every hospital and even at home. The benefits of this respiratory support device are particularly significant in the Emergency Department. Here, if there are indications, it is important not only to quickly apply mechanical lung ventilation to the patient, but also to correctly choose the pulmonary ventilation strategy. Only then will the appropriate support be provided, the risk of complications will be reduced to a minimum and the patient's life quality will be preserved. There are two types of mechanical lung ventilation: invasive and non- invasive pulmonary ventilation. Both types of mechanical lung ventilation have specific indications, methods of use, modes and complications. Non-invasive lung ventilation is performed through a mask, nasal cannulas or other interfaces, but does not ensure airway protection in unconscious patients. Invasive lung ventilation is only possible after endotracheal intubation and is considered excellent for critically ill patients. Even though invasive ventilation offers better pulmonary support, it has a higher rate of complications and adverse effects. The choice between these two types of mechanical pulmonary ventilation is often not straightforward and depends on the patient's condition, the underlying cause of respiratory failure, and the experience of the staff. The aim of this article is to review the latest literature on invasive and non-invasive mechanical pulmonary ventilation, to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the Emergency Department and to consider factors affecting the choice between them. The practical recommendations for the use of mechanical pulmonary ventilation in the Emergency Department will also be presented. |
