| Abstract [eng] |
Gastric cancer is the 5th most common cancer worldwide and the 3rd most common cause of cancer-related death. Surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment option. Gastric cancer surgery results in significant changes of the gastrointestinal tract‘s anatomy, physiology and microenvironment which alter local microbiota. Recent technological advancement allowed researchers to link dysbiosis with pathogenesis of various diseases, however the mechanisms behind it are not fully understood yet. This work was carried out to summarise current scientific knowledge on the gastric cancer surgery‘s effect on gut microbiota and how the induced dysbiosis affect postoperative complications. The literature review was performed in the PubMed database, where articles published between 2017 and 2023 were selected. Clinical trials and experimental in Vivo studies were reviewed. Current evidence was reviewed and presented in the study results. Gastric cancer surgery alters the gastrointestinal microbiota by increasing the levels of oxygen, pH and primary bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical dysbiosis may be associated with a higher incidence of infectious complications (surgical site infections, anastomotic leakage, post-operative ileus). The gastrointestinal microbiota is a potential therapeutic target to improve the outcomes of abdominal surgery patients. It can be modulated by probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and diet. However, before the management of the gut microbiota can be part of routine clinical practice, additional research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of the role of microorganisms in the pathogenesis of post-operative complications and clinical trials to confirm the efficacy of microbiota-modifying agents or interventions. |
