| Abstract [eng] |
Aim. To review and compare characteristics, ways of use, complications and future perspectives of contact lenses currently most used in practice (soft, rigid, ortho-k). Methods. In 2022 search of literature was conducted within Pubmed database on the topic of contact lenses, during which 77 publications written within 5 year period, 25 older publications and 4 comparative publications were selected. Results. Highest diameter of rigid scleral contact lenses was 24mm, soft contact lenses – 14,5mm, ortho-k contact lenses – 11mm, thickness of contact lenses reached 0,4mm, 0,18mm and 0,22mm, highest oxygen transmissibility was 125, 175 and 91 * 10-9 (cm ml O2)/(ml sec mmHg), whereas powers reached 25,00D, 12,00D and 5,00D respectively by each contact lens group. Rigid contact lenses are used to treat ocular surface diseases and prevent progression of ectasia, complications associated with their usage include papillary conjuctivitis, microbial keratitis and „midday fogging“ phenomenon. Soft contact lenses are used to treat ocular surface diseases, correct ectasia and decrease rate of myopia progression, their usage can cause eye dryness, papillary conjuctivitis and microbial keratitis. Ortho-k contact lenses are used to stop myopia progression, their usage can cause microbial keratitis and higher order aberrations. Conclusions. 1) All reviewed contact lenses differ in material, dimensions, optical properties, wear time, yet all are used in refractive error correction. 2) Ortho-k and soft multifocal contact lenses are used in myopia control, rigid contact lenses are most commonly used to treat corneal ectasia. 3) Soft contact lenses have the highest risk of microbial keratitis and eye dryness, rigid contact lenses are the only lenses that cause „midday fogging“ phenomenon, whereas ortho-k contact lenses can cause higher order aberrations. 4) Soft contact lenses are the most thoroughly researched lens group for future perspectives. |
