| Abstract [eng] |
This work was written using the resources provided by Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine Children‘s diseases clinic and with signed permission from the patient`s parents. The goal of it is to describe a case of a patient with cytomegalovirus infection mimicking juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and to analyse the clinical manifestation and differential diagnosis of the disease. Cytomegalovirus – is one of the most common causes of congenital infection in developed countries. It is unique in its ability to cause latent infection with secondary reactivation. Approximately 10% of infants with congenital cytomegalovirus infection have clinical abnormalities at birth (symptomatic infection) including evidence of disseminated disease and/or central nervous system involvement. This congenital infection can present with complications such as microcephaly, mental retardation, spastic paralysis, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, deafness, and optic nerve atrophy leading to blindness. Acquired cytomegalovirus infection is quite common for full-term newborns, however usually it is of little clinical significance as it causes little to no symptoms. However, symptomatic disease is often associated with such hematological changes as leukocytosis with atypical lymphocytes, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Several disseminated viral infections, cytomegalovirus among them, are known to mimic malignant 4 hematologic diseases such as juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. In such cases, differential diagnosis of the disease becomes of utmost importance. When differentiating between infectious and malignant hematologic diseases, comprehensive examination, evaluation of clinical symptoms and the clinical course of the disease, as well as confirmation of clonality are of equal importance. Described in this work is the case of a patient with difficult case of cytomegalovirus infection mimicking juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. |
