| Abstract [eng] |
Sepsis poses a great challenge to healthcare providers with its high frequency and mortality rates, and remains one of the most common causes of emergency admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU) globally. In high income countries it is often associated with older age, comorbidities, and the use of immunosuppressants, while the epidemiology of sepsis in low and middle income countries remains less understood. In 2017 sepsis has been made a global health priority by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the World Health Assembly in order to improve the prevention, diagnosis methods, and management of sepsis. Through improved surveillance, as well as an advanced support for organ failure, the in-hospital mortality rates have fallen from 80% to 20-30% in the span of decades. However, there is still a need for further research in order to better identify patient populations and personalize treatments. Although the role of intravenous (IV) fluid administration has played a major role in sepsis management in the past decades, the question regarding which fluid and what dosage still remain widely unanswered. An important topic in sepsis management is fluid choice, dose, and administration, hence the wide variety of research and clinical trials. Below we will discover which fluids are best suited for the management of sepsis and which ones are no longer recommended. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention are crucial in the survival of sepsis, hence the need for awareness and knowledge about the treatment and infusion methods. The in-hospital mortality rates have decreased over past years through better surveillance, early treatment of underlying infection, and timely detection of the disease. |
