| Abstract [eng] |
This narrative review analyzes the existing literature on coronary artery syndrome in children with inflammatory heart disease, with a particular emphasis on Kawasaki disease. It delves into the underlying immunological and genetic mechanisms contributing to its pathogenesis, and outlines evaluation strategies. Additionally, it discusses therapeutic interventions, risk stratification for coronary aneurysms, and a preventive follow-up plan to minimize subsequent cardiac complications. Kawasaki disease, known as the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children, brings with it serious complications, the most significant being coronary artery involvement. These complications predominantly present themselves as coronary artery dilatation, potentially progressing to the formation of coronary artery aneurysms. This issue raises serious concern due to the risk of life-threatening complications such as thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and even sudden cardiac death. The severity and duration of coronary artery inflammation affect the likelihood of developing coronary artery syndrome. Promoting treatment initiation with intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin within 10 days of the illness onset can reduce the risk of coronary artery abnormalities. However, some patients may not respond to this initial standard treatment and thereby require adjuvant therapy. Patients with resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin and those identified as having a high risk of developing coronary artery aneurysms may benefit from adjuvant treatment. The thesis aims to provide a review of the current literature on coronary artery abnormalities in children with Kawasaki disease, while also identifying potential innovative diagnostic and therapeutic targets that could be integrated into future treatment approaches. |
