| Abstract [eng] |
Lavoriškės forestry is a subdivision of Vilnius State Forest Enterprise. Its forests cover the area of 3618 ha.The largest area is covered by pine and fir forests, 2781 ha (77%) and 623 ha (17%) respectively. The largest area covered by deciduous species (birch forests) is 206 ha (4%). According to the age structure of stands, young stands cover 17%, mid-aged stands – 51%, premature stands – 20% and mature stands – 12% of the area. For the purpose of evaluating the condition of deer (Cervidae) population, the examination of roes, deer and moose was carried out in 5 major biotopes of Lavoriškės forestry: young pine stands, mid-aged pine stands, mature and premature pine stands, fir forests and birch forests. The distance of 5,2 km was covered during the examination. The profusion and distribution of cervine animals in the above mentioned biotopes was established by way of registration of excrements of these animals on the record routes. Within the period of examination the largest average relate profusion was observed in the fir forests 1,9 ± 1,05 units/100 m, where as the smallest 0,3 ± 0,12 units/100 m in the premature and the mature pine stands, the largest average relate profusion of red deer was observed in the fir forest 1,2 ± 0,63 units/100 m and the smallest 0,45 ± 0,3 units/100 m in mid-aged pine stands, the largest average relate profusion of moose 0,56 ± 0,39 units/100 m was observed in young pine stands, whereas no moos at all were observed in the premature and the mature pine stands. The results of the examination suggest that the nutrition and hiding conditions of cervine animals differ in various biotopes therefore the abundance of piles of excrements found there is also different. This abundance shows the intensity of use and attraction of the area to these animals. The attraction of the biotopes in different places varies from the abundance of animals. The significance of different biotopes to cervine animals is determined not only by intensity of their use, but also by the area covered. Animals select the most attractive areas in the forests rarely populated by animals, as the case of moose was. In case of larger concentration of the animals the significance of predominant biotopes increases, in the examined case – red deer and roes. The most harm to stands is done by red deer and moose browsing. In order to protect valuable stands, the concentration of animals is studied and calculated, some areas are fenced, the nutrition of animals is improved by mounting fodder troughs, the number of aspens to be cut out is increased, trees are sprayed with repellents. |
