| Abstract [eng] |
Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection is a little known and controversial diagnosis. It is important to raise awareness of this disorder following recurrent and/or persistent streptococcal infection, as brain damage of autoimmune origin presents with recurrent neuropsychiatric symptoms. Early diagnosis of the disorder, combined with effective treatment, is essential not only for the patient but also for his or her family, as sudden onset of childhood neuropsychiatric disorders disrupts the quality of life of the entire family. A clinical case of a 9 years and 11 months old boy with suspected pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection was described and examined to inform the widest possible audience. The latest scientific literature on pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection, its epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis, and treatment are also reviewed. Due to the non-specific symptoms at the onset of the disease, much attention has been paid to the differential diagnosis of other childhood-onset disorders with neuropsychiatric symptoms: autoimmune anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis, Sydenham’s chorea, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, Lyme disease, neuropsychiatric systemic juvenile Huntington’s disease, and Wilson’s disease. |
