| Abstract [eng] |
Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune subepidermal bullous skin disease that causes pruritic urticarial or eczematous lesions and tense blisters filled with clear fluid or blood. This condition rarely affects infants and children, with approximately 100 cases reported worldwide. Pediatric bullous pemphigoid usually has favorable prognosis. The majority of patients achieve remission within several weeks or months when the proper treatment is administered. An early diagnosis of childhood bullous pemphigoid helps to improve patient’s quality of life and avoids complications, so differential diagnosis among acquired autoimmune bullous skin diseases is essential. Differential diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation, histopathology, and laboratory tests results. Direct immunofluorescence microscopy is the diagnostic gold standard for autoimmune bullous skin diseases. Childhood bullous pemphigoid is usually treated with topical and systemic corticosteroids. If the treatment is not effective additional steroid sparing medicaments are considered. To improve children’s health outcomes multidisciplinary team consultations should be provided. In this thesis we report a rare clinical case of childhood bullous pemphigoid. Seven-year-old patient presented with diffuse pruritic urticarial lesions and tense blisters filled with clear fluid. The Tzanck smear, histopathology and direct immunofluorescence microscopy were performed in order to differentiate the condition among acquired autoimmune bullous skin diseases. The patient was treated with topical and systemic corticosteroids combined with peroral dapsone therapy. The skin condition improved significantly, and remission of childhood bullous pemphigoid was achieved. Additionally, we present a literature review about childhood bullous pemphigoid and propose a diagnostic and treatment algorithm for this rare dermatological condition. |
