| Abstract [eng] |
Venous thromboembolism is more common in oncological patients, than in patients without cancer diagnosis. Cancer treatment is associated with further increased risk of venous thromboembolism. This complication interferes with treatment of oncological disease and is associated with poorer quality of life and prognosis. Therefore, it is important to identify high-risk patients who would benefit from primary prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. Treatment of venous thromboembolism is complicated because of increased risk of recurrent thrombosis and bleeding in cancer patients. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the benefits of anticoagulant use and the potential complications of treatment. However, choosing the optimal anticoagulant can be challenging. Low molecular weight heparins are used for the treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis, but the need for daily injections leads to poor adherence. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (edoxaban, rivaroxaban and apixaban) are effective, but are associated with an increased risk of bleeding, especially in patients with gastrointestinal and urogenital malignant tumors. In addition, potential drug-drug interactions should be evaluated before prescribing non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants. Another important aspect of therapy is the choice of optimal duration of anticoagulant use, taking into consideration benefits and risks of long-term treatment. Therefore, treatment of patients with malignancies and venous thromboembolism should be individualized. This thesis presents a clinical case of a patient with venous thromboembolism, bladder cancer and transverse colon malignant tumor, and reviews recommendations for treatment and prophylaxis of cancer-associated thrombosis. |
