| Abstract [eng] |
Aim: To investigate and describe the epidemiology, histological spectrum, diagnostic and treatment methods of ovarian teratomas diagnosed in adolescents and young adults in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Vilnius University Hospital Santara Clinics in 2011-2021 and compare them with the latest scientific literature. Methods: Clinical data of patients aged 15-49 years who were diagnosed with a histologically confirmed ovarian teratoma in 2011-2021 were collected and analyzed retrospectively in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Vilnius University Hospital Santara Clinics. The data was categorized manually using Microsoft Excel, statistical data analysis was performed using the SPSS 28.0 statistical software. Results: The study group consisted of 30 patients who underwent surgery for a mature ovarian teratoma confirmed by histological examination. The mean age in the study group was 24 years. The symptoms were chronic, with the most common complaint being pain. Teratoma was detected in ther right ovary for 56.7% of patients. From the description of the ultrasound, the protocol of the operation, and the final pathological diagnosis, three different tumor sizes were obtained, between which a statistically significant correlation was found. Of the 30 performed surgeries, 93.3% were cystectomies, 1 (3.3%) was an adnexectomy, and 1 (3.3%) was a hysterectomy. 29 out of 30 (96.6%) patients underwent a laparoscopy. Tissues of ectodermic origin were found to be most characteristic for mature teratomas. After the operation, a 2-3 week protective regimen, analgesia, and outpatient gynecological examination after 1 month are recommended. Conclusions: Mature teratomas diagnosed in patients of reproductive age have a variety of clinical manifestations, but if symptoms do occur, they are usually chronic and the most common is abdominal pain. The first-line diagnostic method for teratomas is transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound. Laparoscopic cystectomy is the standard surgical treatment for mature teratomas. The diagnosis should always be confirmed by histological examination, which almost always identifies tissues of ectodermic origin. It is recommended to follow a protective regimen for 2-3 weeks after the operation and to have a gynecological examination after 1 month. |
