| Abstract [eng] |
Relevance of the thesis. Acute urinary retention is one of the most common complications after spinal anaesthesia. Urinary retention which is not detected in time can lead to bladder overstretching, which causes muscle dysfunction and increases the risk of urinary tract infection. Thus, early recovery of bladder function is an important challenge for clinicians, especially after short surgical procedures, and recommendations for the insertion of a bladder catheter are still under debate. Objectives. Determine the incidence and risk factors for acute urinary retention after spinal anaesthesia. Methods. Demographic and clinical data of patients with acute urinary retention after spinal anaesthesia were retrospectively analysed. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics v28.0.1 and Microsoft Excel. Results. The incidence of acute urinary retention after spinal anaesthesia was 0.24% among patients aged 61.67 ± 18.97 years, mainly after orthopaedic-trauma surgery. The crystalloid infusion therapy under spinal anaesthesia exceeded the recommended dose (23.70 ± 8.85 ml/kg). The post-catheterisation diuresis volume was 1177.78 ± 640.36 ml, and the dose of spinal bupivacaine correlated with the probability of bladder catheterisation (p=0.041). Elective patients were observed longer in the post-operative ward and the decision to catheterise the bladder was made significantly sooner, without hiding symptoms with opioids; the length of hospital stay for these patients was lower (p=0.018). Conclusions. Emergency trauma patients over 60 years require close and prolonged post-operative monitoring after spinal anaesthesia, with moderate infusion therapy and without delaying the decision to catheterise the bladder. |
