| Abstract [eng] |
Since the first cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were identified, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has rapidly spread worldwide. Current data show that 2019 coronavirus disease is mainly transmitted by airborne droplet or direct contact. However, there is increasing evidence of vertical transmission. Maternal physiological and immune changes during pregnancy put pregnant women at an increased risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 and more severe disease forms. Increasing evidence suggests that COVID-19 affects not only respiratory tract, but also other organ systems, including the placenta. Pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, low birth weight are more common complications among pregnant women with severe COVID-19. Most symptoms are respiratory symptoms, fever, hypotension, gastrointestinal disturbances, although tachycardia, sepsis, respiratory distress may occur. The gold standard for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in both pregnant women and newborns is a nasopharyngeal swab test using PCR. Most observed laboratory blood changes in newborns are elevated white blood cell counts, creatine phosphokinase, liver enzymes, C reactive protein, procalcitonin concentrations. Treatment of coronavirus disease in newborns is usually symptomatic - respiratory support - continuous positive airway pressure therapy, fluid and electrolyte therapy and empirical antibiotic treatment when a coexisting bacterial infection is suspected. Vaccination is currently the best prevention against COVID-19 infection. This paper describes a clinical case of vertical transmission and presents a literature review. Nasopharyngeal swabs taken from two neonates, dichorionic, diamniotic twins after birth and again 24 hours later for COVID-19 infection were positive. The neonates were transferred to the intensive care unit. Both patients recovered and were discharged home. |
