| Abstract [eng] |
β-Caryophyllene is a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene found in many essential oils, including Cannabis sativa L. Due to its unique ability to selectively bind to the CB2 receptor, β-caryophyllene has been identified as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and antioxidant agent. Moreover, β-caryophyllene is known to relieve anxiety, pain and is a valuable candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and osteoporosis. The determination of β-caryophyllene from essential oil requires time-consuming sample preparation and extraction from plant material. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) allows the determination of β-caryophyllene directly in the solid or liquid sample. Nevertheless, selecting appropriate calibration media is crucial in this technique. In this work, seven deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesised in a microwave reactor and investigated as a calibration media in SPME of β-caryophyllene from the complex matrix – hemp seed oil. The analyte was further identified by gas chromatographic – mass spectrometric analysis (GC-MS) and the selection criterion for the extraction efficiency was its peak area. Among 7 DESs, the hydrophilic ChCl-based DES demonstrated better suitability for HS-SPME, whereas hydrophobic menthol-based DESs were ineffective. The combination of [ChCl : tartaric acid (2 : 1)] with 15% water additive demonstrated the largest peak area. Equilibration and sorption time at the SPME step were optimised for this DES and further selected for the preparation of the calibration curve to quantify β-caryophyllene in hemp seed oil. The equation of the trendline with a good coefficient of determination was obtained and the calculated concentration of β-caryophyllene in hemp seed oil is 0.79 mg/kg. Thus, the application of DESs as a calibration media in SPME has been proved to be effective for the direct quantification of β-caryophyllene in a complex matrix and has the potential to be employed for other volatile and semi-volatile compounds. |
