| Abstract [eng] |
Genetically modified plants (GM plants) are being engineered in order to develop different new species, i.e. enhancing technological and nutrient traits. There have been engineered thousands of new plants species, employed genetic engineering methods. The dominant plants are GM herbicide tolerant plants and GM insecticide tolerant plants. Although the first commercial GM crops were planted in 1994 (tomatoes), 1996 was the first year in which a significant area 1.66 mln.ha of crops were planted containing GM traits. Since then there has been a dramatic increase in plantings and by 2005, the glogal planted area reached almost 87,2 million hectares. Almost all of the global GM crop area derives from soybeans, corn, cotton and canola. Genetically modified plants are products of new technologies. Plants develop new characteristics which were not typical of them before. Safety of GM food has not been proved. The research wasn’t long-term and sufficient enough. This plants can be dangerous for human health and for environment. In order to ensure the requirement established for safe handling, use and control of the GM plants and GM products for human and animal health end environmental protection, it is necessary to perform risk assessment posed by GM plants and GM products to the environment, agriculture and human health and to organize constant monitoring. |
