| Abstract [eng] |
Areas that are damaged is the result of human misconduct and natural interactions. A considerable amount of such areas arise due to inappropriate standpoint to their treatment, management and ecology. Forced land change has a major impact on biodiversity. The conditions of selected exploited areas and the change of plants succession in selected areas depends not only on human influence, but also on the environmental changes caused by the community itself, which determines the nature of succession, regulates the rate of change and often the limit of change. Significant damage that is done to the environment thease days, is done due to various human factors. One of those factors is the need for reckless consumption and another one the constant development of the industry. As a result, there are more and more damaged, abandoned or improperly managed territories in Lithuania and in the world. The aim of this work is to investigate the development of vegetation areas in the Kazlų Rūda Brigadier General Kazys Veverskis and Pabradė General Silvestras Žukauskas territories, in 2015-2019 period. The master's thesis consists of content, annotation, introduction, problem overview, review of previous research, work methodology, analysis and conclusions of the practical part of the work, summary in Lithuanian and English languages. The paper reviews the development of vegetation in two selected military areas, in Kazlų Rūda and Pabradė. The june and july months of 2015-2019 were selected for the analysis. Sentinel – 2 satellite photographs were used to determine vegetation development and land cover changes in selected areas. Satellite observations provides a variety of information about the earth surface. These photographs helps to identify not only surface features such as terrain, urban areas, water reservoirs, but also more detailed, specialized information that can be applied in a variety of areas. For the investigation of the changes in vegetation covers, the vegetation index of the normalized difference was applied, which is calculated according to the following formula: NDVI = (NIR - R) / (NIR + R) according to this formula maps were made to assess the conditions of the vegetation. The data from the Sentinel – 2 satellite allows to monitor various changes in the ground cover. The collected data from the Sentinel – 2 satellite allows to create a map of NDVI, analyze and monitor the surface condition of the vegetation in the relevant period. Conclusions are presented at the end of the work. The study showed that the natural and undamaged vegetation in the selected areas during 2015-2019 period have significantly decreased due to high territorial exploitation. Succession processes at the Pabradė military area are larger, due to the modernization of the military exercise fields and it is wider applicability for training and military exercises. In this work, two periods were compared by NDVI calculation in different territories. The results obtained are an excellent expression of the prevalence of severely damaged areas and vegetation cover improvement. The greatest damage is in the central areas, where shooting activities are intensive, and in the areas of the main transport arteries, where not only the anthropogenic and technical use factor is intensive. NDVI index of damaged areas in Pabradė in 2015-2019 increased more than 3 times, and the increase of damaged areas in Kazlų Rūda is negligible. |
