| Abstract [eng] |
Religious Overcoming of Exile in Adele's Dirsytė's Letters and Prayers This paper job anlyses the letters and prayers of Adele Dirsytė (1909-1955), pedagogue, exile and one of the world-famous prayer "Mary, save us" author. Literary theology allows the interpretation of existential experience which reveals in letters and prayers as so-called experiential theology. Adele Dirsytė's texts from the period of exile, which have not been studied so far, are an important literary source: they have literary values. In addition, this research shows A. Dirsytė's texts next to Stasys Yla's prayers (researched by Dr. Gediminas Mikelaitis) and highlights both twentieth-century the vocations of totalitarian regimes: Nazism and Russian Communism. The work uses the theoretical approach of literary theology, classical methods of text analysis and interpretation, and the psychological method of logotherapy (Viktor Frankl). Adelė Dirsytė's letters and prayers reveal the complex daily life of exile, marked by the cruel political realities - the aggression of the totalitarian occupier - and man's efforts not to succumb to destruction to the world, and are characterized by the dynamics and psychological states of internal tension. Such existential experience is found in the texts as religious and expressed in a peculiar artistic way of thinking. The aim of this work is to look at the texts written by Adelė Dirsytė in exile from the theoretical point of view of literary theology, which allows to interpret the existential experience indicated by letters and prayers as the so-called theology of experience. With her action, Adelė Dirsytė basically implements all the conditions of logotherapy, which include the rehabilitation of a exhausted, frustrated, life-losing loved one. Three core values that make human life meaningful in terms of logotherapy: creativity (prayer writing, learning, theatrical performance), experiences (love, repentance, beauty, spiritual aesthetics) and attitudes (moral, spiritual attitudes) become exile resistance and resistance to crime, crime humanity, as proof. The understanding of suffering as a condition of spiritual development is common to both Dirsytė's and Yla's texts. Exile is perceived not as a traumatic experience, but as a medium to find transcendence, a space for spiritual deepening, so the religious overcoming of exile is possible only by accepting life as a gift, a gift. In Yla's prayers, the spirit is revealed in the complex "psychological situations" that shake existence, renew and transform man, which is essential to Christianity. The religious experience in Adele Dirsytė's texts, expressed in forms of artistic thinking, demonstrates the fullness of human life, the inner flight of a noble spirit in spite of the difficult, inhuman conditions of exile. The source of the power of spiritual functioning becomes the analysis of internal resources that is related to the initial experience of feeling at home; constant self-reflection, adherence to moral attitudes; the effort of spiritual dialogue and metaphysical openness to a higher goal cleanses from injustice, evil, experienced violence and concentrates on repentance, allows to see goodness, light, to feel the purity and originality of the human soul. |
