| Abstract [eng] |
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Capacity in Young and Middle-Aged Males Introduction. Cholesterol efflux capacity is a measure of the ability of high density lipoproteins to promote cholesterol removal from lipid-laden macrophages. Latest studies prove that the higher cholesterol removal from macrophages could provide protection from formation of atherosclerosis independently from high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Ch) concentration in plasma, providing that cholesterol efflux capacity could be a suitable marker for cardiovascular risk prediction. The aim of the study was to measure high density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in young and middle-aged males and assess influence of atherosclerosis risk factors for this parameter. Objectives: to measure high density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in young (25–39 years) and middle-aged (40–55 years) men and compare them; to assess association between high density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity and other lipid metabolism parameters; to compare high density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity with other atherosclerosis risks parameters. Methods. A total of 172 healthy young and middle-aged men were involved into study. In vitro study of cholesterol efflux capacity was made using cell culture method: cholesterol labeled with fluorescence was incorporated to J774a.1 cells then these cells were incubated with prepared serum cholesterol acceptors and finally medium and serum and separately lysate intensity of fluorescence was measured and by that percentage cholesterol efflux capacity was assessed. Results. Cholesterol efflux capacity parameters of young and middle-aged men wasn‘t statistically significant. Weak positive correlation between cholesterol efflux capacity and HDL-Ch concentration (ϱs = 0.15; p = 0.04) was defined. A stronger correlation than whole sample (ϱs = 0.36, p = 0.004) was defined in data of middle-aged men. Other lipid metabolism parameters had no correlation with cholesterol efflux capacity. We have not found differences in cholesterol efflux capacity between study subjects with normal and abnormal lipid metabolism parameters, body mass index, waist circumference, and level of physical activity. Higher cholesterol efflux capacity was found in middle-aged men with normal arterial blood pressure (40.64% and 30.44%, p = 0.04), and weak negative correlation between cholesterol efflux capacity and systolic (ϱs = ‒ 0.35) and diastolic (ϱs = ‒ 0.33) arterial blood pressures (p = 0.01). Our results show that cholesterol efflux capacity statistically significantly differs among smokers and non-smokers (42% and 54.32%, p = 0.03) and former smokers and non-smokers (40.7% and 53.11%, p = 0.047) in young men group. Analysis of multiple risk factors showed that cholesterol efflux capacity in middle-aged men with 0-3 risk factors is stastically significantly higher in comparison to men with more than 3 risk factors (46.56% and 34.38%, p = 0.01). Conclusions. According to our results cholesterol efflux capacity is associated with serum HDL-Ch concentration. Men with particular cardiovascular risk factors (high arterial blood pressure, smoking and smoking history) and the higher number of present risk factors tend to have lower cholesterol efflux capacity. Keywords. Atherosclerosis, cholesterol efflux capacity, high density lipoproteins. |
