| Abstract [eng] |
70 fungal species were identified on small-leaved linden in an urban environment during the period of the 2005−2007. 21 fungal species were identified on small-leaved linden for the first time. Phomopsis irregularis (Died.) Petr. and Pseudomassaria chondrospora (Ces.) Jacz. were recorded for the first time in Lithuania. Obligatory biotrophs were the most wide spread: Passalora microsora, Discula umbrinella, facultative saprotrophs or biotrophs: Fumago vagans, Schizophyllum commune, Thyrostroma compactum, Cytospora leucosperma, Phomopsis velata. The damage of green plantings on streets is the most harmful (1–4 grades). In squares, parks, public gardens 1−2 grade damage disease intensity was ascertained. Development of fungal disease agents is more intensive, when average air temperature is about +15–30 °C and mean precipitation amount – 160–200 mm. The largest number of fungi species was determined in August–September. Pathogenic fungi Passalora microsora, Discula umbrinella and Thyrostroma compactum affect biochemical processes in small-leaved linden. The chemical composition of essential oils of small-leaved linden blossoms changes. Toxins secreted by bacterial isolates Tx and Ux kill the mycelium of the pathogenic fungi species belonging to Alternaria, Cytospora, Fusarium and Phomopsis genera growing in vitro. The affect of toxin secreted by Ux is stronger than that of Tx. The analysis of the fungi on small-leaved linden in Vilnius helped to investigate pathogenic fungi and the most common species in an urban environment, select the most harmful pathogens, analyse the growth in vitro peculiarities, the impact upon plants and create biological control measures. |
