| Abstract [eng] |
The aim of this work was to establish the effect of exogenously acting lytic enzymes and food-protein hydrolysates on immune system. These preparations act through disruption (directly or by activating autolysis) of microbial cell wall and the resulting lysis products, such as lipopolysaccharides, muropeptides and other peptidoglycan fragments, β-glucans and etc., which are well-known immuno-enhancers. In this study five food-proteins (casein, α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, ovalbumin and serum albumin) hydrolyzed by the use of four digestive proteolytic enzymes (trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, pancreatin and pepsin) were evaluated in respect to their antimicrobial and immunostimulating activities. It was revealed that all hydrolysates stimulated the microbial autolysis in vitro as well as activated phagocytosing capacity of mouse peritoneal macrophages and blood monocytes and granulocytes in vivo. According to these results the scientific theory that peptides resulting from hydrolysis of food-proteins performed using digestive proteolytic enzymes possess bifunctional (antimicrobial/immunostimulating) activity was proposed. Immunostimulating effect of food-proteins directly depends on their antimicrobial activity (capacity to stimulate the microbial autolysis). In this study were also evaluated that oral application of exogenously acting antimicrobial enzyme preparations, lysozyme and lysosubtilin, with immunostimulating activities effectively reduced milk somatic cell count which, from the immunological point of view, is indirect indicator of the immune status of the cow and of the mammary gland in particular. The results of this work revealed, that exogenously acting lytic enzymes preparations and food-protein hydrolysates, are effective antimicrobials and immunostimulants. |
