| Authors |
Kowal, Marta ; Sorokowski, Piotr ; Dinić, Bojana M ; Pisanski, Katarzyna ; Gjoneska, Biljana ; Frederick, David A ; Pfuhl, Gerit ; Milfont, Taciano L ; Bode, Adam ; Aguilar, Leonardo ; García, Felipe E ; Roberts, S. Craig ; Abad-Villaverde, Beatriz ; Kavčič, Tina ; Miroshnik, Kirill G ; Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G ; Šafárová, Katarína ; Valentova, Jaroslava V ; Aavik, Toivo ; Blackburn, Angélique M ; Çetinkaya, Hakan ; Duyar, Izzet ; Guemaz, Farida ; Ishii, Tatsunori ; Kačmár, Pavol ; Natividade, Jean C ; Nussinson, Ravit ; Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian B ; Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T ; Ponnet, Koen ; Wang, Austin H ; Yoo, Gyesook ; Amin, Rizwana ; Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine ; Afhami, Reza ; Arvanitis, Alexios ; Duyar, Derya Atamturk ; Besson, Théo ; Boussena, Mahmoud ; Can, Seda ; Can, Ali R ; Carneiro, João ; Castro, Rita ; Chubinidze, Dimitri ; Čunichina, Ksenija ; Don, Yahya ; Dural, Seda ; Etchezahar, Edgardo ; Fekih-Romdhane, Feten ; Frackowiak, Tomasz ; Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman ; Yepes, Talía Gómez ; Grassini, Simone ; Jovic, Marija ; Kertechian, Kevin S ; Khan, Farah ; Kobylarek, Aleksander ; Križanić, Valerija ; Lins, Samuel ; Mandzyk, Tetyana ; Manunta, Efisio ; Martinac Dorčić, Tamara ; Muthu, Kavitha N ; Najmussaqib, Arooj ; Otterbring, Tobias ; Park, Ju Hee ; Pavela Banai, Irena ; Perun, Mariia ; Reyes, Marc Eric S ; Röer, Jan P ; Şahin, Ayşegül ; Sahli, Fatima Zahra ; Šakan, Dušana ; Singh, Sangeeta ; Smojver-Azic, Sanja ; Söylemez, Sinem ; Spasovski, Ognen ; Studzinska, Anna ; Toplu-Demirtas, Ezgi ; Urbanek, Arkadiusz ; Volkodav, Tatiana ; Wlodarczyk, Anna ; Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohd Y ; Yusof, Mat Rahimi ; Zumárraga-Espinosa, Marcos ; Zupančič, Maja ; Sternberg, Robert J |
| Abstract [eng] |
Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg’s 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale—the TLS-15—comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test–retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components—either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure. |
