| Abstract [eng] |
Diphtheria is now very rare disease, so in order to clarify the epidemiology of modern diphtheria is described the morbidity of infection in 1991-2008 Research aim – evaluate epidemiological regularities of morbidity of diphtheria in Lithuanian population during 1991-2008. Research tasks: 1. Evaluate overall morbidity of diphtheria in Lithuania and neighbouring countries during 1991-2008. 2. Describe epidemiological regularities during epidemic (1992-1997) and after (1997-2008). 3. Evaluate the frequency of carriers. 4. Describe the state of vaccination in Lithuania. Research methods: cumulate data of CDPCC on morbidity of diphtheria in 1991-2008 was used. Data gathered from statistical reports Statistical analysis of data executed using WinPepi 9.4. statistical package. Statistical connection of qaulitative evidence was evaluated based on Chi-square (χ2) citerion and Fisher‘s exact test method. Data difference is held statistically significant at p<0,05. Results: Perennial dynamics of morbidity in Lithuania in 1991-2008 shows that to control diphtheria high vaccination rates are necessary not only in children but adult groups as well. The rise of morbidity of diphtheria in neighbouring countries shows that it is vital to strengthen epidemiological surveillance and organize fast a re-vaccination of adult population of Lithuania. Specific to contemporary diphtheria are following: highest rates of morbidity in cities and districts that borders neighbouring countries; Dominance of morbidity among non-vaccinated adults, majority of cases are in the age group 30 to 49; Similar morbidity among both men and women; Dominance of heavy forms of the illness (throat diphtheria [nežinau tikslaus termino] and toxigenic type of pathogene var. gravis; High death-rates (15,6-17,6 %) are observed due to overdue diagnostics and specific treatment. Higher mordibity during cold seasons – autumn till spring. The results of screening reasearch revealed that toxigenic strains still circulate in society and with any gap between vaccinations can cause rise of morbidity. For the period of 1997-2008 and 2007-2008 vaccination rates of less than 90 % in children age group of 2 years are so in 25 districts and 24 districts accordingly. |
