Title |
Acute coronary syndromes – ST-elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction – literature review / |
Authors |
Bubulytė, Silvija ; Maneikienė, Vytė Valerija |
DOI |
10.53453/ms.2024.5.13 |
Full Text |
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Is Part of |
Medicinos mokslai = Journal of medical sciences.. Kaunas : VšĮ Lietuvos sveikatos mokslinių tyrimų centras. 2024, vol. 12, iss. 3, p. 118-124.. ISSN 2345-0592. eISSN 2345-0592 |
Keywords [eng] |
acute coronary syndrome ; ST-elevation myocardial infarction ; non-ST myocardial infarction ; cardiac biomarkers ; CK-NB ; percutaneous coronary intervention ; antithrombotic therapy. |
Abstract [eng] |
Background. The term Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is used for patients with suspected or confirmed acute myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction. Despite advances in health system preventive programs, ACS is often the first clinical manifestation of cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality rates and the most common cause of death worldwide. Aim. The aim was to review the diversity of recent literature about ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) – recommendations for diagnosis, management, and protective strategies in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods. The research was made using PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the keywords: „acute coronary syndrome“, „ST-elevation myocardial infarction“, „non-ST elevation myocardial infarction“, „cardiac biomarkers“, „risk stratification“. Results. Patients history, ECG and specific cardiac biomarkers are the main factors evaluating the patient with chest complaints. ECG should be performed immediately, though normal ECG does not exclude ACS. ST-elevation or anterior ST depression should be considered a STEMI until proven otherwise. The most specific biomarker of choice is high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn). Immediate reperfusion strategy and antithrombotic therapy for 12 months as well as protection strategies significantly decrease morbidity, mortality and re-infarction in patients with CAD. Conclusions. Understanding of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the development of myocardial injury after acute coronary artery occlusion, the availability of gold standard biomarkers and early reperfusion techniques in time-sensitive clinical cases are helpful in reducing diagnosis, treatment delays and mortality. In addition, protective strategies and secondary prevention increase the quality of life in patients with CAD. |
Published |
Kaunas : VšĮ Lietuvos sveikatos mokslinių tyrimų centras |
Type |
Journal article |
Language |
English |
Publication date |
2024 |
CC license |
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