| Abstract [eng] |
Investigation of the Influence of Various Origin and Structure Oligomeric Proteins and Their Immune Complexes on Macrophage Phenotype Macrophages are a part of organism defence system. They remove pathogenic microorganisms and cellular debris and may give an activation signal to other cells of the immune system. They also can detect antigens opsonized with antibodies and internalize them. Therefore, macrophages might have an impact on the efficiency of antigen elimination in certain diseases. An example is microglia-mediated removal of β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However detailed mechanism of macrophage activation by the immune complexes (IC) is unknown as certain side effects of anti-Aβ therapy have been shown in treatment of AD. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of Aβ oligomers and viral oligomers (measles virus, WU polyomavirus and metapneumovirus) and their IC on macrophage phenotype. The research model was primary spleen cell culture from BALB/c mice. The macrophages were generated from splenic monocytes incubated with macrophage colony stimulating factor. The levels of different cellular markers indicative of either inflammatory macrophage M1 phenotype or anti-inflammatory macrophage M2 phenotype were investigated by flow cytometry and ELISA. Induction of both M1 and M2 phenotype after macrophage treatment with Aβ oligomers and their IC was demonstrated. The IC induced higher expression of M2-related marker IL-10 compared to Aβ oligomers alone. Higher levels of IL-10 may indicate a negative impact of IC on the phagocytic degradation of Aβ oligomers. Macrophage treatment with oligomeric viral antigens and their IC induced the inflammatory phenotype of macrophages. However, the activation signal was lower compared to Aβ oligomers. In conclusion, the activation of macrophages with oligomeric proteins and their IC can induce different signals and lead either to the inflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotype depending on the origin and structure of the oligomeric proteins. |
