| Abstract [eng] |
This master’s work overlooks and analyses the development of handicrafts in Vilnius city till the end of the 19th century, craftsmen’s position and concept during the times of Polish and Soviet influence and independency period. Aim of the work – the study of the inheritance possibilities of handicrafts in Vilnius. At the beginning of 20th century crafts were relevant to Lithuanians as it was the term of the national identity. The prevailing elements should have been from the country culture, as it reflected in national Lithuanian industries. Men who were considered as a craftsmen were Lithuanian, who produced products having ethnical features. During the period of polish occupation (year 1920 – 1939) craftsmen were the only ones who extended the urban craft traditions. The crafts of Vilnius still have its cosmopolitism and are multicultural, what is very characteristic to the old Vilnius crafts. Soviet system intercepted the Lithuanian attitudes to the handicraft, as to the tradition of country culture, but the attention was paid not to the national features, but to the folk. The folk-art became parody, expositional and representative thing. During the period of independency, economics determined, that ethnographical features of craft are shifting, they are being replaced by cosmopolite, individual and vivid products. The program of fairs, smart crafts and ethnographical business do not reflect the old crafts of Vilnius properly enough. It is necessary to base and evaluate it historically. The difference between a craftsman and a businessman must be drawn. In order to inherit the old technologies the craftsmen workshops could be joined with restoration centers, not only because of the possibility to get orders, but also for the sake of historical validity. Accommodating to the present time realias and inheriting the old crafts of Vilnius city it is necessary to inherit the ethnographical crafts, and renew the fairs, which historically existed. |
