| Abstract [eng] |
Relevance and novelty. Relevance and novelty. The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed many lives worldwide and has become a major public health challenge. The severity and consequences of COVID-19 are closely linked to the patient's comorbidities, particularly when the patient has more than one. The simultaneous occurrence of two or more chronic diseases in the same person is a complex and rapidly growing global problem. Polymorbidic patients are at increased risk of severe complications and death if they develop COVID-19. A better understanding of the relationship between multimorbidity and COVID-19 can help to identify those most at risk and to provide them with appropriate protection and risk management strategies to improve outcomes. Objective: Analyse and evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of strategies to manage the risks for polymorbidic patients with COVID-19. The tasks of the research: 1. To identify and evaluate the most common comorbidities and associated risk factors in polymorbidic patients with COVID – 19. 2. To identify and assess the specific needs of polymorbidic patients in relation to the prevention and treatment of COVID – 19. 3. Identify and evaluate the impact of comorbidities and their treatment medications on the severity, course and outcome of COVID – 19. 4. To provide recommendations for risk management of polymorbidic patients with COVID – 19 to reduce complications, improve treatment outcomes and optimise resource allocation in the healthcare system. Materials and methods. After receiving patient consent and permission to use the depersonalised data, a clinical case from Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics was included. The literature search was conducted through the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases using specific keywords. 40 publications from 2020 to 2024 were included in the literature review, mostly from international medical journals. Clinical case presentation: The medical history, course of the disease, test results, and treatment plan of a 52 – year – old patient who suffered from COVID-19 pneumonia and had a history of obesity, type 2 diabetes, primary hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and past cases of thromboembolism and thrombosis are provided. The patient was treated at Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, and the description includes their medical history and the course of the disease along with the results of the tests conducted and the treatment plan applied. Conclusions. 1) Polymorbidic patients are more susceptible to severe complications and death. As a result, their diagnosis and care require specific attention and additional resources. 2) Patients with COVID – 19 who have multiple chronic conditions have specific needs when it comes to preventing and treating the illness. These needs consist of ensuring the importance of vaccination, self-care, following an individualized treatment plan, and sticking to a strict regimen. 3) Managing the risks and treating patients with COVID – 19 who have multiple chronic conditions requires a tailored approach for each individual patient. Effective strategies include creating an appropriate treatment plan, working together with other medical professionals, and regularly monitoring the patient's condition. Careful selection of medication and appropriate treatment can decrease the severity of COVID – 19, lower the risk of pneumonia, and lead to positive patient outcomes. It is essential to take into account each patient's comorbidity and to understand the difficulties of taking multiple medications. |
