| Abstract [eng] |
The first part of the Master's thesis deals with the concept, features and objectives of life imprisonment. In this part of the thesis, an analysis is made of the characteristics of life imprisonment in order to distinguish between life imprisonment and fixed-term imprisonment. The work further discusses the application and execution of life imprisonment in comparison with the provisions of the Polish Penal Code and the Code for the Execution of Sentences. It also discusses the development of life imprisonment, including the latest legislation on the mitigation of this penalty and the factors that have influenced it. The work then discusses international legislation and institutions in the context of life imprisonment. It summarises them and presents the most important provisions affecting life imprisonment. The second part of the paper discusses the legal situation of life sentences. It describes the special rights and freedoms provided for in the Code for the Execution of Sentences, their limitations and the factors influencing the legal situation of convicted persons. The rights of the most vulnerable prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment are examined. The analysis of the legal situation of prisoners is based on the human rights and fundamental freedoms enshrined in the ECHR. Using the case law of the ECtHR, the cases against Lithuania and other countries concerning violations of the rights of prisoners to the conditions of detention, communication with their family and the outside world are discussed, and the cases concerning the prohibition of torture and the right to respect for private and family life are highlighted. |
