| Abstract [eng] |
Abstract. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare autoimmune multisystemic disease characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of small blood vessel walls. This disease is characterized by upper and lower respiratory tract involvement, vasculitis, and glomerulonephritis. For patients with significant or progressive respiratory symptoms and involvement, bronchoscopy interventions are an important part of treatment. When implementing interventional therapy, it is important to create a plan and anticipate the need for future procedures. Selected patients may require stent implantation in the airways. Long-term monitoring with follow-up imaging studies is important for possible complications. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents’ treatment results in a survival rate of more than 80% in 8-9 years follow-up. Stent placement can maintain airway patency for 5-10 years. Aim. To conduct the clinical case data and compare the analysis of treatment methods for granulomatosis with polyangiitis and resulting complications in the literature. Methods. A literature and clinical case review was conducted using the databases “PubMed”, “ClinicalKey”, “AccessMedicine” and “Springer” using keywords. The analysed articles were in English. The literature was compared with the clinical case from 2021-2024 and the complications encountered during that time. No time constraints were applied to citations due to limited existing data. There were no time constraints for citations. Images obtained during patient examinations were used in the study: chest X-rays and chest computed tomography scans. Conclusions. At present, there are no standardized treatment methods for respiratory tract obstruction caused by granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The clinical case presented in this thesis and the analysis of the literature show that correctly chosen treatment methods, appropriate monitoring, and follow-up procedures, as well as adherence to practical recommendations, help reduce inflammation, alleviate symptoms of the disease, and prevent irreversible complications of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. |
