| Abstract [eng] |
Two-Photon Lithography technique (TPL) has attracted a lot of attention given the ability to fabricate complex 3D micro- and nano-structures with high-precision and sub-diffraction limit resolution. This trait makes it be a favourable technique to fabricate complex 3D photonic crystals (PhC), which is another area of high interest in the photonic’s field nowa days. The aim of this work is to fabricate using this technique a 3D gradient PhC able to slow down and spectrally localize the light in the near infrared regimes, which could be applied for sensing given the fact that an increase of intensity enhances light-matter interactions. To begin with, an introduction of the work is provided in the first section. The review of some of the literature found on both the fabrication technique and on photonic crystal is presented next in Section 2. The description of the experimental methods follows up in Section 3, in which the general workflow that is followed for the fabrication and characterization of the structures is first described, after which the different experiments designed for each task are presented, and f inally the principles and formulation of the numerical simulations are introduced. In Section 4, all the results are presented and discussed, covering from the fabrication pro cess, the characterization and scattering measurements, up to the numerical results, in the mentioned order. The results regarding the fabrication of the structures and the challenges and difficulties faced during the process is the most extended one, being the main part of this study, whereas the scattering measurements correspond just to those few done in the course of this work, leaving out of this thesis the results obtained previously in the frame of the project collaboration. Finally, the main results and conclusions derived from the study are summarized in the last sections, were is concluded that 3D PhC able to slow down and spectrally localize light in the NIR regime can be fabricated via TPL, the effect of which has measured and found in accordance with the theoretical predictions obtained with the numerical simulations. |
