| Abstract [eng] |
Introduction: Lithuania is one of the leading countries in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma. The growing availability of visual imaging facilitates the early detection of kidney tumours, while advancing medical technologies prompt the exploration for the most optimal treatment options for patients. Minimally invasive surgical approaches for large renal masses yield comparable oncological and functional outcomes when contrasted to radical nephrectomy once called the “golden standard” treatment. Furthermore, ablative treatment techniques are increasingly used in practices for large renal mass treatment. Aim: To analyse treatment options for large renal masses, focusing on nephron-sparing surgical techniques and ablation methods and to evaluate their oncological and functional outcomes. Methods: Literature review was conducted between February and March 2024 using the PubMed database. Only articles focusing on T1b stage (> 4 cm) kidney tumours treated with partial nephrectomy, cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation or these treatment methods were compared to each other were included. Studies were selected if functional or oncological outcomes, as well as complications and hospitalization duration were reported. Conclusions: Treatment of large renal masses with partial nephrectomy offers advantages over radical nephrectomy due to superior renal preservation and comparable tumor control. Preservation of nephrons during partial nephrectomy reduces the risk of chronic kidney disease after the surgery. Ablative techniques serve as a viable alternative for patients ineligible for surgical intervention, ensuring favourable functional and oncological outcomes. Ablative treatment methods have lower complication risk and shorter hospital stay compared to surgical approaches. |
