| Abstract [eng] |
Four years since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists are still observing the long-term consequences of the disease. Some symptoms (fatigue, shortness of breath, headaches) persist in the human body for weeks, months, or even years after the illness, and a separate term has been coined for this phenomenon - post-COVID syndrome, or long COVID. However, recent studies suggest that among possible long-term consequences of COVID-19, there may not only be prolonged symptoms but also the emergence of some new conditions - diabetes mellitus included. The purpose of the study is to perform a literature review on newly diagnosed diabetes following COVID-19 infection. Objectives: 1. To assess the possible relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)s. 2. To compare the frequency of new onset T1DM between patients who were infected with COVID-19 and those who were not. 3. To evaluate the frequency and prevalence of new onset T1DM cases during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to previous years. Research material and methods. Scientific literature was searched on the international medical database PubMed. Keywords and their combinations were used for the search: new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus, newly diagnosed diabetes, after COVID-19. The most relevant scientific articles written in English, corresponding to the purpose of the work, and their sources were selected. Results. The final literature review included 15 publications.These publications used different approaches to assess the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and new onset T1DM), analyzing whether the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the number of T1DM compared to previous years. Eight publications concluded that there is not enough data to prove a direct link between SARS-CoV-2 and the development of T1DM, although an increase in T1DM cases was observed during the studies. In four studies, the authors suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection is not related to the development of T1DM. Conclusions. 1.Although some studies indicate an increase in new onset T1DM cases during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is not enough evidence to establish a direct link with SARS-CoV-2 infection. 2. When comparing the incidence of newly diagnosed T1DM between patients who were infected with COVID-19 and those who were not, an increased rate of diagnoses can be observed among those who had COVID-19 3. Some studies have recorded an overall increase in newly diagnosed diabetes cases during and after the pandemic compared to previous years. |
