| Abstract [eng] |
Kristina Bevainytė. Advanced practice nursing master‘s final thesis: „Assessment of Self-Efficacy and Adherence to Treatment Control in People with Diabetes Mellitus“. Supervisor: Doc. dr. Aldona Mikaliūkštienė, consultant j. asist. Jurga Šuminienė. Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing. Vilnius, 2024. Volume of the thesis with appendices – 98 pages. Introduction. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Self-management refers to the daily activities that a person needs to do to control or reduce the impact of the disease on his/her health and well-being, in order to prevent complications of the disease. Self-efficacy has the strongest impact on diabetes self-management. Self-management has an impact on achieving adequate blood glucose levels, preventing complications, and reducing the risk of diabetes-related death. However, people with diabetes have difficulties in self-managing their disease and the failure to take self-management actions remains a problem that ultimately leads to acute and chronic diabetes complications. Methods and material. In order to analyse the self-efficacy, adherence to treatment and their associations, the study used a quantitative research method. The survey instrument was developed in four parts: 1) Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire – Revised; 2) Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire expanded version; 3) Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale; 4) general questions. The study was conducted between November 2023 and March 2024. A total of 385 people with diabetes participated in the study. MS Excel 2016 and SPSS 23.0 were used to process the results obtained. Results. Diabetes self-efficacy is higher in patients with type I diabetes compared to those with type II diabetes (p < 0.001). Younger patients with both type I and type II diabetes and normal glycosylated haemoglobin have higher diabetes self-efficacy (p=0.005). Self-efficacy decreased with increasing disease duration. Patients with type I diabetes have higher scores for overall disease self-management and self-care compared with patients with type II diabetes (p < 0.001). Higher self-control and self-care scores were found in those with higher education and with glycosylated haemoglobin in the normal range but self-control decreased with increasing disease duration. Self-efficacy in all participants correlated with both overall disease self-control (p = 0.023) and individual components, with a decrease in self-control with increasing age (β = -0.398, p < 0.001) and disease duration (β = -0.417, p < 0.001). Conclusions. Self-efficacy, self-management and self-care are significantly higher in patients with type I diabetes than with type II diabetes and self-management is related to self-efficacy. Keywords. Diabetes mellitus, self-efficacy, self-management, self-care. |
