| Abstract [eng] |
The Author: Monika Einorytė, 2dn year student of the Rehabilitation study program of the Departament of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University. Academic supervisor: Doc. Dr. (HP) Rūta Dadelienė, Departament of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University. Keywords: ACL, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Physiotherapy, Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Methods, Function, Pain, Knee Pain, Kinesiophobia. The aim of research work: To identify effective physical therapy methods for lower limb function, pain, and fear of movement in athletes soon after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. Tasks of work: 1. To analyze and evaluate the effect of effective physiotherapy methods on the functions of the lower limbs of athletes (range of motion, muscle strength, proprioceptive sense, endurance) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 2. To analyze and evaluate the effect of effective physiotherapy methods on fear of movement and pain in athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methodology of investingation: The systematic literature review was carried out according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method and requirements. The search for scientific publications was performed in two scientific databases PubMed and Web of Science. The review and search of scientific articles was based on the inclusion criteria and the publication date of the studies, which had to be between 2019 and 2023. In the initial identification phase, the number of scientific publications was 802 articles, and after screening according to the systematic literature review steps and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 scientific publications were included in the systematic literature review. Results: After evaluating all clinical randomized trials and single-blind cross-sectional studies included in the systematic review of the literature, in which different physiotherapy methods were applied and considering statistical significance, an effective method of rehabilitation application was observed using neuromuscular training for the anterior and posterior thigh muscle groups (p=0.01). . Meanwhile, isokinetic eccentric training promoted greater effects than conventional eccentric training on quadriceps muscle mass and strength in athletes after ACL reconstruction surgery. An effective physiotherapy method for pain relief was blood flow restriction. Conclusions: 1. Neuromuscular and isokinetic exercises are effective rehabilitation methods after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery; 1.1. Neuromuscular training designed to strengthen not only lower extremity but also trunk stability muscles can improve endurance, strength, and kinematics in athletes after ACL reconstructive surgery. This can reduce the risk of secondary injuries and help improve balance. 1.2. Isokinetic eccentric training is effective for quadriceps muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. 2. The blood flow restriction method is effective in reducing knee joint pain during rehabilitation training, and also 24 hours after training, knee joint pain reported to be less. |
