| Abstract [eng] |
The Author: Vesta Šešelgytė. 2nd year student of the Rehabilitation study program of the Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University. Academic supervisor: Doc. dr. Valentina Ginevičienė, Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Keywords: sarcopenia, resistance training, physical activity. Aim of the study: To analyze physical activity levels in elderly with sarcopenia, based on selected scientific literature. Tasks of work: 1. To analyze the level of physical activity after a resistance training programme in a group of people with sarcopenia, based on selected scientific articles. 2. Based on selected research studies, identify the most effective exercise programme for individuals with sarcopenia. Materials and methods: The systematic literature review was prepared in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for a systematic literature review. The search for scientific articles was carried out by one researcher in PubMed databases, according to the adapted search strategy (based on keyword combinations). The search for scientific articles was based on the publication date of the studies, which should cover the period from 2014 to 2024. The number of selected publications was 971, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the systematic literature review, 6 publications were included in the systematic literature review, which look at physical activity levels in elderly with sarcopenia. Results: The data of all selected scientific publications were organized into several tables of research results, which presents the average and standard deviation of the evaluation indicators of the experimental and control groups of the studies, before and after the intervention. The effectiveness of intervention was evaluated by statistical significance within and between groups. Four physical activity assessment methods were included in the systematic literature review: „Gait speed”, „Sit-to-Stand”, „ Timed up and go“, „The Short Physical Performance Battery“. When analyzing the results, it was found that high-intensity resistance training resulted statistically significance improvements in Gait speed (p=0,029) and Sit-to-Stand (p=0,016) compared between groups. This means that elderly with sarcopenia have significantly improved muscle strength. It was also found that moderate-intensity resistance training statistically significantly (p<0,001) improves the results of the Timed up and go test compared between groups. Muscle strength, balance and speed were significantly improved in the affected subjects. Low-intensity resistance training resulted a statistically significant (p=0,014) Sit-to-Stand compared to group, leading to an improvement in physical performance. Conclusions: 1. According to the data of a systematic review of literature, moderate to high resistance training after 3 months improves physical activity levels in elderly with sarcopenia has significantly positive effect on “Gait speed”, “Sit-to-Stand”, “Timed up and Go” test results. 2. Based on research evidence, high-intensity resistance training for at least 3 months is the most effective for physical activity in elderly people with sarcopenia. |
