| Abstract [eng] |
Aim of study. To assess the prevalence and factors influencing the choice of self-medication among different age groups in the population of Vilnius city. Tasks of the study. Identify the prevalence of self-medication among the subjects based on various social and demographic factors. Determine the factors influencing the choice of self-medication. Identify the most commonly self-treated symptoms in each age group. Identify the most commonly used medicinal products for self-medication in each age group. Determine the criteria for choosing medicinal products among patients engaging in self-treatment Study methods. A survey was created in two forms – online and paper. Data was collected through the survey from February 20, 2024, to April 17, 2024. During this period, 216 respondents answered the survey. Statistical data analysis was performed using the “Rcommander” statistical software. Graphic analysis was performed using the “Microsoft Office Excel” program. Study results. The study involved 216 respondents, of whom 173 engaged in self-medication. Respondents were assessed based on social and demographic factors, with gender identified as a statistically significant factor influencing self-medication. It was found that women are more likely to self-medicate than men. The study included 151 women, of whom 125 engaged in self-medication, accounting for 58 percent of the respondents. Other social and demographic indicators showed no significant correlation with self-medication. Main factors for choosing self-medication were: not a serious enough problem, long queues/difficulties in accessing a doctor, and previous experiences with illnesses/symptoms, as well as time saving and emergency cases. The most commonly treated symptoms for individuals up to 65 years old include: headache, cold, fever, runny nose, cough, and sore throat. For individuals older than 65 years, the most commonly treated symptoms are: pain, runny nose, cough, sore throat, cardiovascular diseases, and cold symptoms. The most commonly used medications for self-medication across all age groups include: medications for reducing temperature, medications for nasal and sinus issues, medications for throat and cough, and pain relievers. Respondents older than 55 years also more frequently used medications for cardiovascular function and stomach disorders. Main criteria for choosing medicinal products among respondents who engaged in self-medication were based on doctor and pharmacist instructions. Conculsions. The prevalence of self-medication among adult residents of Vilnius city is high – 80 percent. Self-medication is particularly practiced by women, while other social and economic factors do not have a significant impact. Self-medication is most commonly used due to time savings, difficulties in accessing a doctor, or managing previously experienced diseases and symptoms. Individuals up to 65 years commonly treat symptoms of colds, while those older than 65 treat pain and cardiovascular diseases, based on the recommendations of doctors and pharmacists. Respondents across various age groups most commonly used medications for temperature, colds, pain, as well as medications for cardiovascular function and stomach disorders. |
