| Abstract [eng] |
This thesis examines vaccine-preventable diseases, focusing on travellers, emphasising the critical role of pre-travel consultations. Despite available preventive measures, vaccine-preventable diseases contribute to approximately 5.1 million deaths globally each year. Through a review of the literature, this work explores the various dimensions of vaccine-preventable diseases, their epidemiological burden and effective prevention strategies that encompass both vaccination and non-vaccine measures. The practical application of this research is exemplified by a case study involving two elderly travellers embarking on a cruise across 30 countries. In preparation for their journey, both travellers were vaccinated against hepatitis A and B. Additionally, one traveller received a yellow fever vaccine, while the other was vaccinated against pneumococcal infection. Moreover, both travellers were advised on non-vaccine preventive measures and provided with malaria chemoprophylaxis and antibiotics to prevent traveller’s diarrhoea. The thesis also examines variations in vaccination schedules between the different recommendations issued by the CDC, WHO, and ECDC on a national level. While different recommendations exhibit similarities in their immunisation schedules, they tailor these plans according to their specific epidemiological needs, resulting in noticeable differences. Considering these discrepancies, it is crucial for clinicians to carefully assess the travel risks and provide personalised recommendations for both vaccine and non-vaccine preventive measures. This tailored approach is essential to mitigate the impact of travel on global health and help reduce the significant toll of vaccine-preventable diseases, which continue to affect millions each year. |
