| Keywords [eng] |
preeclampsia, hypertension, primigravida, proteinuria, fms-like kinase- 1/PIGF ratio, postpartum, neuraxial, aspirin, magnesium |
| Abstract [eng] |
Preeclampsia counts as a hypertensive disease during pregnancy. It affects 3-10% worldwide (1). It ranges from mild to severe. In addition, the disease is divided into earlyonset preeclampsia, which starts before the 34th week of gestation, and late-onset preeclampsia. Late-onset preeclampsia starts after the 34th week of gestation. Preeclampsia has different impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes. The pathophysiology is still unknown, but there are some hypotheses. Risk factors include primigravida, increased maternal age, obesity, and autoimmune disease (2). Diagnostic criteria include hypertension, and changes in the laboratory results, such as increased liver enzymes or proteinuria. Moreover, a prognostic factor will be the ratio of the soluble fms- like kinase- 1 and placental growth factor. Other diagnostic criteria might include Doppler ultrasound 3 of the uterine artery. The symptoms differ throughout the organ system; for example, abdominal pain, visual disturbances, dyspnea, nausea, and vomiting. Neuraxial anesthesia is preferred in the preeclamptic patients. The anesthesia comes with different complications. The complications of preeclampsia range from mild to severe ,and they can persist for a long time, as postpartum preeclampsia. The disease has two main complications, eclampsia and HELLP- syndrome. There is no explicit treatment, but delivery is the most sufficient treatment. The most common form of anesthesia for delivery is the neuraxial anesthesia. Preventive methods for this disease include aspirin and magnesium sulfate. It will not cure the disease, but it might prevent a severe situation. Additionally, patient education is important to recognize the disease as early as possible. |
